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Transcranial Doppler : ウィキペディア英語版
Transcranial Doppler

The Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and the more recent transcranial color Doppler (TCCD) are tests that measure the velocity of blood flow through the brain's blood vessels by means of ultrasound. The
tests conduct a spectral analysis of the acoustic signals they receive and can
therefore be classified as methods of active Acoustocerebrography. They are used to help diagnose emboli, stenosis, vasospasm from a subarachnoid hemorrhage (bleeding from a ruptured aneurysm), and other problems. These relatively quick and inexpensive tests are growing in popularity. The tests are effective for detecting sickle cell disease, ischemic cerebrovascular disease, subarachnoid hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformations, and cerebral circulatory arrest. The tests are possibly useful for perioperative monitoring and meningeal infection.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Transcranial Doppler: An Overview of its Clinical Applications )〕 The equipment used for these tests is becoming increasingly portable, making it possible for a clinician to travel to a hospital, to a doctor's office, or to a nursing home for both inpatient and outpatient studies. The tests are often used in conjunction with other tests such as MRI, MRA, carotid duplex ultrasound and CT scans. The tests are also used for research in cognitive neuroscience (see Functional transcranial Doppler, below).
==Methods==
Two methods of recording may be used for this procedure. The first uses "B-mode" imaging, which displays a 2-dimensional image of the skull, brain, and blood vessels as seen by the ultrasound probe. Once the desired blood vessel is found, blood flow velocities may be measured with a pulsed Doppler effect probe, which graphs velocities over time. Together, these make a duplex test. The second method of recording uses only the second probe function, relying instead on the training and experience of the clinician in finding the correct vessels. Current TCD machines always allow both methods.

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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